What are the parts of hammer crusher that are frequently replaced?
- 2025-06-12
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As the main equipment for processing medium-hard and abrasive materials, the working principle of hammer crusher determines that some parts will be subjected to extremely high impact, friction and fatigue stress. Therefore, these parts are consumable parts and need to be inspected and replaced regularly. The following are the key parts that are most frequently replaced:
Core wear parts! This is the most frequently replaced part, no doubt about it. The hammer directly impacts the material at high speed, and is subjected to huge ipact force, abrasive wear and impact fatigue.
The wear rate depends on the hardness, abrasiveness, water content, feed particle size, rotor linear speed, and the material (high manganese steel, high chromi cast iron, alloy steel, etc.) and structure (surfacing, composite, etc.) of the hammer itself.
When the hammer wears to a certain extent (usually with a wear limit mark or a significant reduction in length), its crushing efficiency will drop sharply, energy consumption will increase, and it needs to be replaced or repositioned in time (such as using a reversible hammer).
2.Crusher liner/impact plate/crushing plate:
Key protective parts! Installed on the inner wall of the casing (both sides and top) and under the rotor (partial structure), they form the crushing chamber. They bear the secondary impact, rebound and sliding friction of the material.
The main forms of wear are impact pits, furrows and overall thinning. The linings near the top and feed port usually wear faster.
Excessive wear will cause the crushing chamber to become larger, the product particle size to become coarser, the efficiency to decrease, and even serious accidents such as the lining falling off and damaging the equipment may occur.
3.Screen plate/grate bar:
Particle size control part! Installed under the rotor (bottom) to form a discharge port. The strip structure with gaps controls the discharge particle size of the crushed material.
Bear the impact, extrusion and sliding friction of the falling material, especially the edge of the gap wears very quickly. It is also easy to get blocked (when there is too much sticky material or fine powder).
Wear or deformation will cause the discharge particle size to become larger and uneven, or blockage will cause a decrease in production and increase in energy consumption. The gap size and wear condition need to be checked regularly and replaced in time.
4.Bearing:
Core support! Supports the rotor main shaft and withstands huge impact loads, radial forces and high-speed rotation.
Although the replacement frequency is lower than that of the hammer head and liner, once it fails, it will cause serious downtime accidents. Common causes of failure are impact fatigue, poor lubrication (contamination, insufficient), improper installation or seal failure leading to dust ingress.
It is necessary to monitor temperature, vibration and noise regularly, and lubricate and maintain them strictly in accordance with requirements. High-quality bearings and correct installation and maintenance are the key to extending their life.
5.Rotor components (related):
Rotor body: Usually has a long life, but its structural integrity needs to be checked (such as whether the hammer disc and end disc have cracks or deformation), especially when replacing the hammer head.
Hammer shaft/pin shaft: The shaft pin used to suspend the hammer head. It bears the impact and bending stress of the hammer head and may bend, wear or even break. It is usually necessary to check and replace when replacing the hammer head.
Locking device: The block, nut, bolt, etc. that fixes the hammer shaft or hammer head. It must be firm and reliable, otherwise it may cause the hammer head to fly out. It is usually necessary to check or replace when replacing the hammer head.
6.Other parts that may be replaced:
Seals: Bearing seals, housing seals, etc., to prevent dust from entering the bearings or leaking dust from the equipment. They need to be checked and replaced regularly.
Transmission parts: Belts (if belt drive is used), coupling elastic elements, etc., should be replaced according to actual wear and aging conditions.
Fasteners such as bolts: They are prone to loosening or fatigue fracture in a vibrating environment and need to be checked and replaced regularly.
Key factors affecting the life of wearing parts:
Material properties: hardness, abrasiveness (quartz content), humidity, viscosity, feed particle size.
Equipment parameters: rotor linear speed, power, processing capacity, gap between hammer head and impact plate/screen plate.
Operation and maintenance:
Feed evenly to avoid overloading or idling.
Prevent metal foreign matter from entering.
Replace wear parts in time! This is the most important maintenance strategy to avoid "minor problems becoming major problems".
Lubricate bearings strictly according to regulations.
Regularly check fasteners, vibration, abnormal noise, etc.
Spare parts quality: Spare parts made of high-quality, wear-resistant materials suitable for material characteristics can significantly extend their life.
Summary:
The core of hammer crusher maintenance is to manage its wearing parts. The hammer head, liner (impact plate) and screen plate (grate bar) are the "three major parts" that are replaced most frequently. Although the bearing is replaced relatively infrequently, its reliable operation is crucial, and improper maintenance has serious consequences. Formulating a reasonable inspection, lubrication and replacement plan, and selecting suitable spare parts are the key to ensuring efficient, stable and economical operation of the hammer crusher. Be sure to strictly abide by safety regulations during operation, especially when stopping for inspection and replacement of parts, to ensure that the equipment is completely stopped and the energy is locked!
